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3 . PLAY:West leads 2 xxx? WhilstSouth can make the contract byplaying a 2 xx,so thedefence take the 1st 3 2 sbefore he can discard his losing 2 s,but if he plays 2 qs3s6s4sjs9s2s5s8sksas7skd3d2dad8h3hkh2h4h5dqh5h9h7hth8dahts6djhac8c4c2ckc9c5c3c6cjcqc4dtc7djd9d7cqd6htdqh9h8hks9s3sad6dqctc7c5c4c7s5s4sahkhth6h4hackc6cjd3dh3n 11132424444224 no1hno2nno3hno4hnonono 2 BIDDING:South opens 1 2 9, this is not the per-centage play. 5 cards will split3-2,roughly 2/3 of the time.ThusThe card play is made assumingThe trump break is normal. 2 .If the ace is single or double-ton,East will be forced to playit and dummys 2 . Since thedefenders do not normally under-lead aces against suit contractsSouth should not play dummys 2 . Now when the badsplit becomes apparent,declareris in the correct hand to takethe marked finesse against Easts 2 . North,lacking any good suit,responds2NT,showing 11-12 points and abalanced hand.South bids 3 2 . What if West has 2 ,he goes down.When West shows out on round 2South lacks sufficient entriesto dummy to both take the trumpfinesse,and run the 2 ,South plays a 2 ,1st,then a 2 will be safe.Alas the 2 tricks.East then shifts to 2 in dummy. South nowplans his play. He must draw 2 and Southwins with 2 backto the 2 andNorth raises to 4 2 suit.However,correct suit managementwill overcome the problem. Afterwinning 1 x or bare 1 tricks to beat the contract.However,if South allows East towin the 1st trick with 1 ssplit 4-3,or the 1 sis not difficult to reach, ifSouth studies the possibilities.If East has 1 sand high 1 s? Thus South jumps to 3NT,promising a stop in 1 s: East wins 1 s. Instead he opens 1 1 s. However,thecontract could still be underthreat if West has 5 1 s. In any case, declarer mustlose a 1 s. To prevent this,declarer shouldduck the 1st trick,thus breakingthe defenders communications ie 1 s. The 2nd round of 1 s. PLAY:West leads 1 s,the contract will hinge on awinning finesse. Dummy will bevoid of trumps in dummy,and itthe finesse fails,the defenderscan cash 2 more 1 s,once the 1 s,at least 1 1 s,and letsNorth decide the final contract.PLAY:West leads 1 s,Southwould have no further problems,with 10 tricks comprising:1 1 s,South knows thegame belongs to them,but in NTor 1 s with a ruff,Southshould combine his chances bywinning the 1 s will break 4-3 andthe defenders will be unable totake more than 3 1 s will break 2-2,orthat the 1 s to justify his overcall. Withthis is mind,South realises thathis contract is only in dangerif East gets the lead to play a 1 s set up,making 10 tricks. 1 s is won bydummys 1 s indummy while drawing trumps inthe process. If West had 1 s for his 10th trick.Declarer should realise that ifhe draws trumps before tackling 1 s ensure the contract. 1 s at the lowest level,South nowknows that Norths opener was ona minimum hand and now jumps togame in 1 s and so unable to getto partners established tricks.It does not even matter if Easthas 3 1 s and West does not take 1 s toget a better picture of things.When East shows out on the 3rdround, the contract now appearsto hinge on the 1 ruff in dummy. This is good de-fence. Had West shifted to anyother suit,or continued 1 qsksas5s2s5d9s3s4h3hkh2h3dad6d2d5h7dqh6hkd4d4s7hqdjd6s8h6c3ckc5cac9c8c4cah7stc7c2c8s8dtstdjsth9h9dqcjcjh3dks6s4s3sahkhth6hackcjc2c5s4htc8c6ckdqdtd9d8d7d6d5dd4e 13423444222444 4dno5dnonono 1 qh3hkh2h6h8h9h5hjhah3d5sqc3cackc2c4dtc4c5c6c7c5djc6d2s8c9c7d3s4sjd9dqd8d2dtdkd4had9s7h6sksjs8s7ststhasqsas8s3s2sah7h5h3hqctc5cqd2dksts5s8h2hacjc9c7c2cadkdjdn2e 13124244424442 nono1nno2cno2dno3nnonono 1 qc4c6c3cjc9c2cackh2h3h6h5h4hjhthtd2d4dkdas2s5s3sqs9s6sksts4s8h7s5d6dad3djd5c7d9dqh7cah8s8djs9h8c7htcqdkcahjh8h3h9s2sqdtd8d7d5d9c4cksts3skhqh9h7h5hac3cadjd4dh2n 11442114244244 nono1h2c2hno4hnonono 1 kc9c5c2c2h3h6h8h5s7sqsksjdkd8d5d6s8sasts2sjsjh2dah5hth6ckh7hqc7cqh9h6dtc4d7dad3d9sjc3c4c4s9d8cqd3std4hacth3hasqs9s4s3s2sad6d5dqc9c6s5sahkhqhjh8h4h8c3c2ckd4dh1b 11434244442224 no1sno2hno2sno4hnonono 1 giving himself a convenient re-bid to Norths response. WhenNorth,on his 2nd response sup-ports Souths 1 finesse. West wins the 1 finesse puts the contract 1 downIf East has the 1 d$="Dealer ": 1 bid,and Souths 2 1 and East has 1 a$(N)+a$(n+1 1 X,Y4;C$;D$ 1 X,Y3;C$;D$ 1 X,Y2;C$;D$ 1 X,Y1;C$;D$ 1 V$=" Vulnerable" 1 K$="West " 1 K$="South" 1 K$="North" 1 K$="East " 1 Group 1(b) 1 D$="Pass": 1 Bridge1T9 1 Bridge1T8 1 Bridge1T7 1 Bridge1T6 1 Bridge1T5 1 Bridge1T4 1 Bridge1T3 1 Bridge1T2 1 Bridge1T1b 1 Bridge1T1al 1 BIDDING:South, holding a 5-cardmajor,opens 1 1 BIDDING:South makes a pre-empt-ive opening bid of 4 1 BIDDING:South is too strong toopen 1NT and chooses to open 1 1 BIDDING:South 1NT is far fromideal:too much strength in 2suits and an unguarded suit; buta bid of 1 1 BIDDING:South opts against astrong 1NT opening,because ofhis weak 1 BIDDING:South is not quitestrong enough to jump to 1 BIDDING:North opens 1 1 A$(N)+A$(N+1 1 ;"West North East South" 1 ;"Tricks taken:N/S :";NS;" E/W:";EW 1 ;"Press p to play Hand 1": 1 ;"Press any key to continue" 1 ;"Last trick won by:";K 1 ;"Hand complete": 1 ;"Enter deal number": 1 ;"Enter card" 1 ;"Enter bid" 1 ;"Deal ";deal;" Contract:";: 1 ;"Bridge1T"+ 1 ;"Bidding complete": 1 ;" " 1 ;" " 1 3s4sjs6s9sqsas5sjd5d8dad9c3c4ckc3d4dtdkdac2c6c7cjc5c8c2stc2hqc8s3h5hqh7hah8hth6h4h9hkhjhksts7s7d9d2d6dqd7s5s4sahqh4hacjctc4ckd6d5dksqs6skhth3hqc9c8c6cad9d4dn1l 13143222422443 no1cno3nnonono 1 3h4h9hahqd8d7d4d2d5d9d6dkdad3d7s7hjhqhkhjd5s3s6std9s4s4c3c6cqc9cac2h5c8ckc8h7ctc2cth5hjctsjsks2sas8s6hqs8s2skh5h4h7c5c3ckdjdtd9d7dqsjs4s3sahjhackcqc2cqd3d2dn4b 14423222444311 1cno1dno3nnonono 1 3d6dad4d9dqd7s7d2hkh9h3h4c3ckc5c2c6cqsjc3s4sts2s8c9cks2d5s8sjs9sas7c4h5d6stc5h8dacqc6hjdkd7htdth8hahjhqhksqs5s3skhjh6h5h4h4ctd7d6dasjsts6s8h3hackc8c2ckdqd4ds3e 13124242444441 no1cno1hno1sno2sno3nno4snonono 1 3. South seeshe has 3 1 3. East winswith the A. When West trumps the 1 3 to give South a3rd 1 3 overNorths 1 1 .South knows his side have enoughfor game so bids 4 1 .South has no choice,for if Easthas 1 .North responds with a Stayman 2 1 .However East wins with 1 .After drawing trumps,South getsto dummy with 1 . Up pops the 1 . This time,South has no reason to witholddummys 1 . South seesthere is a possibility of hislosing 4 tricks(2 1 . So if East has 1 . In effect ,declarer is trading a 1 . But South canimprove his chances by leadingthe 1st round from dummy.If Easthas the bare 1 . Ofcourse,if East follows to the1st round with a low 1 . When this wins,it is asimple matter of ruffing 2 1 . Percentagesfavour that 1 . Note that if South wins trick 1,when West gets in with 1 . Supposing West leads a low 1 . 1 ,which is a vital entry toSouth. However,South wins with 1 ,to try to dislodge dummys 1 ,to give partner an easy responseAfter North responds 1 1 ,then shiftsto a trump to try to cut off a 1 ,so this card must be saved asa winner. Once declarer realises the imp-ortance of the 1 ,so declarer goes up with the 1 ,showinga 7 or 8-card suit,lacking thenecessary points to open. Northwith 4 quick tricks and 1st or2nd round control of all unbidsuits,raises to 5 1 ,it will appearimmediately,and Souths 1 ,ie that his CK is asingleton. 1 ,he will win the trick andgive partner another 1 ,declarers play at trick 3 wouldput him 2 tricks light,whereasplaying 1 ,declarer ruffs toget to hand to complete drawingtrumps and secures his contractby discarding his losing 1 ,before Southcan discard discard a potential 1 ,and Southbest describes his flat hand byraising directly to 3NT,showing13-15 HCP.North is happy to passPLAY:West leads 1 ,West musthave almost all the other high 1 ,Southbids the full extent of his hand3NT,showing about 19 points anda balanced hand. PLAY:This hand illustrates theimportance of planning play, be-fore playing the 1st trick. West leads 1 ,South simplyloses an overtrick. The decision not to finesse 1 , ruffed by SouthDeclarer must now work out howto avoid 2 trump losers. If hebegins drawing trumps by leading 1 , andknowing his position is useless,simply cashes his 1 , Southsonly vulnerable suit South isnot unduly worried. If the 1 , heleads a 1 , Southtakes the 1 , Southshould play 1 ). ButWests lead provides vital clues.Since the normal lead from asuit headed by 1 "SPECTRUM BRIDGE TUTOR": 1 "Program by M.Blythe": 1 "Press r to replay hand": 1 "Press l to load next hand" 1 "Press l to load another hand": 1 "Press e to re-read explanation": 1 "North-South";v$ 1 "Neither side";v$ 1 "East-West";v$ 1 "Bridge1T1b" 1 "Bridge1T"+m$ 1 "Both sides";v$ 1 "*********************": 1 would save a trick.However,a 2nd undertrick is asmall price to pay for a chanceto make game. 1 winners,2 1 will be a singleton.So,at trick 3,South enters dummywith a 1 who leadsa 1 tricks. Now,even thoughEast holds up 1 tricks. Sincethere is also a chance of estab-lishing the 1 tricks,South must keep liasonwith dummy in another suit. Theonly outside entry to dummy is 1 trick.The most important thing in thishand is cut off communicationsbetween the defenders which isbest done by ducking the 1sttrick. 1 trick,so he is onlychoosing the best time to loseit,viz while West retains thelead. After winning the 1 trick,but if South acceptsthe gift he might not make thecontract. If South disregardsthe 1st trick and counts histricks he has 2 1 trick to takea losing 1 trick andwin trick 1 with 1 to leads a 1 to cash the 2 1 to Easts 1 through Souths 1 through South to kill himoff. 1 shift in hand andtaking the 1 ruffis threatened,South will need torely on 1 ruff. Now the 1 ruff todefeat the contract. The onlyhope is that West underled the 1 rebid denies a4-card major. North wastes notime and bids 3NT. PLAY:When West leads 1 opener,but is toostrong to jump to 4 1 on trick 1. He is ableto control the 2nd by ruffing,and he should not discount thefact that West may have made aclever lead away from the 1 on the 2nd round,to maintaincommunications with partner. Inthat case, 1 on the 1stround,declarer simply uses his1 chance to keep West off leadif he has 1 may be heldback for 2 rounds, to insure 4 1 loser on dummys 1 is out of the way.However,since the 1 is lead fromdummy and when East fails tocover,South goes up with 1 is K,South canassume that West does not have 1 in preference toa strong 1NT opening. West over-calls 2 1 he can win atrick,since he can do no damage.West is the dangerous opponent,and must be kept off lead at allcosts. By playing 1 gives him rebidproblems if North responds 1 1 from East.Whenhe returns a 1 for 2 rounds,there is still an entry to dummyto utilise the 1 finesse. Ordoes it? The 1 finesse,East will beout of 1 finesse worksthe contract is safe. So Southducks the 1st 2 rounds of 1 finesse straightaway.When this loses,East shiftsto 1 drops enabling South totake the contract with 2 over-tricks,whilst taking the 1 directly. PLAY:West leads 1 by play-ing a 1 as a winner,he will see that he must refuseWests offer of a 3rd 1 andEast comes up with 1 and tries a finessein 1 and the established 1 and ruffing a 1 and leads the singleton 1 and establishes a 1 and at least 3 1 and North responds 2 1 and East had 1 and riskmissing a slam.When North rebids 1 Vulnerable 1 M.Blythe 1983" 1 1983 M.Blythe 1 willbe saved to capture the 1 to West who can reel off 4 1 return,the contract rests onwhat card declarer plays fromdummy when West shifts to a 1 from hand,2 tricks will belost if either opponent holds 1 cont-inuation,defender draws trumps,ending in dummy,and takes a 1 andthe 1 ,hischances improve. Now when Southgets in with a 1 trickfor 2 1 onhis high 1 andreturns a